Granite is a standard and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granite has a medium to coarse texture, sometimes with some individual crystals larger than the groundmass forming a rock known as porphyry. Granites can be pink to dark grey and even black, relying on their chemistry and mineralogy. Outcrops of granite tend to form tors, and rounded massifs. Granites typically occur in circular depressions surrounded by a range of hills, formed by the metamorphic aureole or hornfels.
Granite is an igneous rock and is formed from magma. Granitic magma has many potential origins however it must intrude different rocks. Most granite intrusions are emplaced at depth within the crust, usually better than 1.5 kilometers and as much as 50 km depth within thick continental crust. The origin of granite is contentious and has led to various schemes of classification. Classification schemes are regional; there is a French scheme, a British scheme and an American scheme. This confusion arises because the classification schemes define granite by totally different means. Generally, the ‘alphabet-soup’ classification is used because it classifies primarily based on genesis or origin of the magma.
Ancient Uses of Granites
Granite is almost always large (lacking inner structures), hard and tough, and therefore it has gained widespread use as a construction stone. The Red Pyramid of Egypt, named for the light crimson hue of its uncovered granite surfaces, is the third largest of Egyptian pyramids. Maleskaure’s Pyramid, was constructed of limestone and granite blocks. The Nice Pyramid of Giza contains a huge granite sarcophagus fashioned of «Red Aswan Granite.» The principally ruined Black Pyramid dating from the reign of Amenemhat III as soon as had a polished granite pyramidion or capstone, now on display in the primary hall of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.
Many massive Hindu temples in southern India had been made of granite. There may be a large amount of granite in these structures. They’re comparable to the Great Pyramid of Giza
Granites Use in Current age
Granite has been extensively used as a dimension stone and as flooring tiles in public and commercial buildings and monuments. With growing amounts of acid rain in parts of the world, granite has begun to supplant marble as a monument material, since it is way more durable. Polished granite is also a popular choice for kitchen countertops on account of its high durability and aesthetic qualities.
Engineers have traditionally used polished granite surfaces to determine a aircraft of reference, since they’re comparatively impervious and inflexible. Sandblasted concrete with a heavy aggregate content material has an look just like rough granite, and is usually used as a substitute when use of real granite is impractical. Because of the particular rarity of the granite, the most effective stones can cost as much as US$1,500.
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